Lemma 4.1.5 (Seminorm Properties).label Let $E$ be a TVS over $K\in \curl{\R,\com}$ and $\rho:E\to[0,\infty)$ be a seminorm on $E$, then the following are equivalent:

  1. (1)

    $\rho$ is uniformly continuous

  2. (2)

    $\rho$ is continuous

  3. (3)

    $\rho$ is continuous at $0$

  4. (4)

    $\curl{x\in E:\rho(x)<1}\in \cali{N}_{E}(0)$

Proof. It suffices to prove $(4)\implies (1)$. Let $x,y\in E$ and $r>0$. If $x-y\in \curl{x\in E:\rho(x)<r}=r\curl{x\in E:\rho(x)<1}\in \cali{N}_{E}(0)$ then $\rho(x-y)<r$$\square$