Definition 5.2.3 (Variation Function).label Let $E$ be a locally convex space, $\rho$ be a continuous seminorm on $E$ and $f:[a,b]\to E$, then the function

\begin{align*}T_{f,\rho}(x)=\SUP{P\in\scr{P}([a,x])}V_{\rho,P}(f)=V_{\rho}(f|_{[a,x]})\end{align*}

is the variation function of $f$ with respect to $\rho$, and:

  1. (1)

    $T_{f,\rho}:[a,b]\to [0,\infty]$ is a non-negative, non-decreasing function

  2. (2)

    If $f\in BV([a,b];E)$, then for any $[c,d]\suf [a,b]$, $V_{\rho}(f|_{[c,d]})=T_{f,\rho}(d)-T_{f,\rho}(c)$

Proof. Let $P\in\scr{P}([a,c])$ and $Q=\curl{x_j}^{n}_{j=0}\in \scr{P}([a,d])$ be partitions containing $P$ then

\begin{align*}V_{\rho,Q}(f)-V_{\rho,P}=\sums{}{x_j>c}\rho(f(x_{j})-f(x_{j-1}))\leq V_{\rho}(f)\end{align*}

Taking supremum over $Q$ and $P$ respectively we have

\begin{align*}T_{f,\rho}(d)-T_{f,\rho}(c)\leq T_{f,\rho}(d)-V_{\rho,P}(f)\leq V_{\rho}(f|_{[c,d]})\end{align*}

OTOH for any $R\in\scr{P}([c,d])$, $P\cup R\in\scr{P}([a,d])$ and contains $P$ hence

\begin{align*}T_{f,\rho}(d)-V_{\rho,P}(f)\geq V_{\rho,P\cup R}(f)-V_{\rho,P}(f)=V_{\rho,R}(f)\end{align*}

Taking supremum over $P$ and $R$ respectively we obtain

\begin{align*}T_{f,\rho}(d)-T_{f,\rho}(c)\geq T_{f,\rho}(d)-V_{\rho,P}(f)\geq V_{\rho}(f|_{[c,d]})\end{align*}

$\square$